![]() ![]() ![]() Discrete numerical data are recorded as a whole number such as 0, 1, 2, 3,… (integer), whereas continuous data can assume any value. Quantitative variables Quantitative or numerical data are subdivided into discrete and continuous measurements. Sex and eye colour give qualitative information and are called as qualitative variables. Variables such as height and weight are measured by some type of scale, convey quantitative information and are called as quantitative variables. VARIABLES Variable is a characteristic that varies from one individual member of population to another individual. Improper statistical methods may result in erroneous conclusions which may lead to unethical practice. An adequate knowledge of statistics is necessary for proper designing of an epidemiological study or a clinical trial. This requires a proper design of the study, an appropriate selection of the study sample and choice of a suitable statistical test. ![]() INTRODUCTION Statistics is a branch of science that deals with the collection, organisation, analysis of data and drawing of inferences from the samples to the whole population. This article has been cited by other articles in PMC. Basic statistical tools in research and data analysis Zulfiqar Ali and S Bala Bhaskar1 Author information Copyright and License information Disclaimer This article has been corrected. ![]()
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